Exercise

　　Workers themselves may not even be aware of changes in the final commodities to which their work contributes, and the level of wages for any grade of factory labor is very little affected by the fortunes of particular market

　　First , by attempting to present data and argue for an interpretation , scientists have to spell out clearly what the data are, what the explanation is, and what the reasons are for believing the explanation

　　Information systems affect the scope and quality of health care, make social services more equitable, enhance personal comfort, provide a greater measure of safety and mobility, and extend the variety of leisure forms at one's disposal.

　　要點分析和參考譯文

　　要點：本句由兩個大分句并列而成，分句之間用“and” 連接；to which their work contributes是由“to which” 引導的定語從句，修飾“final commodities”；動詞“ contribute”后須用介詞“to”
　　參考譯文：工人本身甚至覺察不到自己親手生產的最終產品有了什么變化。工廠中任何級別的工人的工資水平很少受到市場情況好壞的影響。

　　要點：在用作狀語的介詞短語“ by attempting to present data and argue for an interpretation”中，動詞不定式“to present”和“argue”并列，作動名詞“ attempting” 得賓語。三個以“what”引導的名次性從句并列，作“spell out”的賓語。
　　參考譯文：首先，科學家在試圖公開資料并對資料的解釋進行論證時，必須清楚地說明資料是什么，資料要如何解釋以及相信這種解釋的原因。

　　要點：本句主語是“ Information systems” , 謂語是五個并列的動詞“ affect…, make …, enhance…, provide…,and extend…”；“ at one's disposal”的意思是“由自己支配”
　　參考譯文：信息系統可擴展健康保健的范圍，提高衛生保健的質量，使社會服務變得更公平合理，使個人生活更加舒適，為人們提供更大程度的安全，更多的流動機會，并能使人們按自己的意愿增加休閑方式。